韦革宏、李哲斐等《Microbiome》2025年

论文题目：Silica nanoparticles suppress fungal pathogenic allies to alleviate Astragalus root rot

论文作者：Jiamin Ai, Leilei Xu,Hao Ding, Zijing Dang, Liru Jian, Chun Chen, Gehong Wei*, Zhefei Li*

论文摘要：Biological control mechanisms involve the inhibitory effect of antagonistic bacteria on pathogenic fungal growth. However, research on controlling crop diseases by inhibiting allies of pathogenic agents is relatively scarce.In this study,the application of SiO2 NPs resulted in an increase in the alpha diversity of the microbial communities in the rhizosphere of Astragalus, as well as an increase in the complexity of the co-occurrence network. SiO2 NPs reduced the abundance of Pseudomonas and Microbacterium in the rhizosphere of Astragalus. Co-inoculated Fusarium with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Microbacterium oxydans could exacerbate the root rot of disease in Astragalus. In addition, M. oxydans SCK-308 and P. aeruginosa XS-134-7 promoted the growth of Fusarium oxysporum and inhibited the growth of certain beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms,thereby facilitating the occurrence of the disease. Metabolomic analyses revealed that salicylic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, brassinosteroid, and palmitic acid were significantly enriched in the rhizosphere of Astragalus treated with SiO2 NPs. Exogenous supplementation with these metabolites significantly inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa and M. oxydans, thereby alleviating root rot in plants during coinfection with two bacteria and F. oxysporum. These results indicate that the metabolites enhance disease control efficacy through targeted inhibition of pathogen helpers. Additionally, SiO2 NPs enhanced the enzymatic activities of ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and peroxidase in Astragalus plants.Our findings suggest that SiO2 NPs alter the composition of the rhizosphere microbial community and reduce the population of allies of F. oxysporum, activating salicylic acid-dependent systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in Astragalus and thereby decreasing the incidence of Fusarium root rot. These results suggest that SiO2 NPs can serve as a sustainable agricultural practice.

生物防治机制主要是拮抗菌对病原真菌生长的抑制作用。然而，通过抑制病原的盟友来防治作物病害的研究相对较少。在本研究中，纳米二氧化硅添加使得黄芪根际微生物群落的多样性增加，互作网络更加复杂，同时也降低了黄芪根际假单胞菌和微杆菌的丰度。镰刀菌与铜绿假单胞菌、氧化微杆菌共接种可加重黄芪根腐病症状。铜绿假单胞菌和氧化微杆菌可促进尖孢镰刀菌的生长，抑制了某些有益的根际微生物的生长，从而促进了病害的发生。代谢组学分析表明，经纳米二氧化硅处理的黄芪根际水杨酸、吲哚-3-乙酸、油菜素内酯和棕榈酸显著富集。外源添加这些代谢物能显著抑制铜绿假单胞菌和氧化微杆菌的生长，从而减轻了两种细菌和尖孢镰孢菌共感染时植物的根腐病症状。这些结果表明，代谢物通过靶向抑制病原菌助手来增强病害防治效果。此外，纳米二氧化硅增强了黄芪中抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶的活性。因此，纳米二氧化硅可以改变根际微生物群落的组成，减少尖镰孢菌的数量，激活黄芪中依赖水杨酸的系统性获得性抗性（SAR），从而降低镰刀菌根腐病的发生率。这些结果表明，纳米二氧化硅在农业实践中可以作为一种安全的防治土传病害措施。

论文链接：https://microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40168-025-02183-x

本文转载自：西北农林科技大学官网

原文链接：https://life.nwafu.edu.cn/kxyj/kydt/26d54b1d5ce34670b7ea3f2785f75e40.htm